GMAT繁杂世界,关注一个就够了 导语“在写英语作文时,你不会特意去思考使用“介词”还是“引导词”。但如果把这种“凭感觉”的习惯带到SC题中,结果是很可怕的。 在学生问我的诸多GMAT语法问题中,有一个问题至少被问过十次,他们问:霞姐,when和from的区别是什么?这些学生提问的原因也大致相同,他们在做OG时,遇到过很多次这样的问题:有的选项使用when,有的选项使用from,读起来感觉都没有错,不知道区别在哪里。在我们之前所讲的问题中,我们联想“思维标签”是通过选项间的“不同点”逆向得到的,而这些“不同点”都非常的具象化:要么是意义上的不同,要么是形态上的不同。可是,当遇到两个“介词”时,例如when和from,问题似乎变得困难了。因为它们的区别并没有那么的具象化,这是通过“语感”解决不了的问题。 而实际上,它们有一个本质的区别:when往往是一个从句引导词,而from是一个介词。 本篇,我们就单独强调这一个问题,让你学会区分句子架构中的介词和引导词。 那介词和引导词的本质区别在哪里呢?很简单:介词后只能接名词性的内容,不可以接完整的句子。引导词后需要接完整的句子才可以是一个正确的从句。所以:引导词和介词到底选谁,就看后面是不是完整句子,如果是句子,则选择引导词。 学以致用1Ozone is formed in the atmosphere from hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides, two major pollutants emitted by automobiles, react with sunlight. A. fromB. when 我们先看这道比较简单的题,用思维标签分析。 Ozone is formed in the atmosphere from hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides, two major pollutants emitted by automobiles, react with sunlight. A. fromB. when1思维标签主语2解决方案名词放在句首做主语Ozone is formed in the atmosphere from hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides, two major pollutants emitted by automobiles, react with sunlight . A. fromB. when1思维标签谓语2解决方案动词做谓语Ozone is formed in the atmosphere from hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides, two major pollutants emitted by automobiles, react with sunlight. A. fromB. when1思维标签介词短语2解决方案介词短语从来都是修饰语3结论可删掉Ozone is formed in the atmosphere fromhydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides, two major pollutants emitted by automobiles, react with sunlight . A. fromB. when1思维标签介词2解决方案介词后只能接名词性内容3结论看介词后的情况,是否为名词性内容Ozone is formed in the atmosphere from hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides, two major pollutants emitted by automobiles, react with sunlight. A. fromB. when1思维标签名词性内容2解决方案名词在这里出现,但和后面的谓语react合成一个完整的SVO结构。3结论介词后接的是一个完整句子,所以这里要用引导词when 学以致用2The strong retail sales figures released today seem to indicate that the economy , although growing slowly , is not nearing a recession . A. to indicate thatB. indicative of1思维标签主语2解决方案名词作主语The strong retail sales figures released today seem to indicate that the economy , although growing slowly , is not nearing a recession. A. to indicate thatB. indicative of1思维标签分词2解决方案分词做主语的后置定语3结论可删去The strong retail sales figures released today seem to indicate that the economy , although growing slowly , is not nearing a recession . A. to indicate thatB. indicative of1思维标签谓语2解决方案动词和自己的搭配一起做谓语。The strong retail sales figures released today seem to indicate thatthe economy , although growing slowly , is not nearing a recession. A. to indicate thatB. indicative of1思维标签引导词2解决方案that在这里是宾语从句引导词,而选项的不同就在这里。3结论要观察引导词后的成分是什么。The strong retail sales figures released today seem to indicate thatthe economy , although growing slowly , is not nearing a recession. A. to indicate thatB. indicative of1思维标签宾语从句2解决方案宾语从句的主语是the economy,although引导从句作插入语,is not nearing为谓语动词。3结论后面的成分是一个宾语从句而不是名词性成分,所以要使用引导词而不是介词,选that。 学以致用3A leading figure in the Scottish Enlightenment , Adam Smith wrote two major books that are to democratic capitalism similar to Marx's Das Kapital is to socialism. A. Adam Smith wrote two major books that are to democratic capitalism similar toB. Adam Smith wrote two major books that are to democratic capitalism what看选项不同A leading figure in the Scottish Enlightenment , Adam Smith wrote two major books that are to democratic capitalism similar toMarx's Das Kapital is to socialism. A. Adam Smith wrote two major books that are to democratic capitalism similar toB. Adam Smith wrote two major books that are to democratic capitalism what1思维标签介词 VS. 先行词2解决方案介词后面不能接完整句子,similar to为介词后面不能接句子,题干中高亮表明后部分是完整句子。3结论要选择引导词,选B。 霞姐GMAT是啥?“霞姐GMAT”是由魔力学院创始人,原新东方GMAT名师张海霞根据自己多年的教学和创业经验整理出的一系列GMAT干货作品。 “霞姐GMAT”是一本书,它虽不能被称为“GMAT”圣经,但它无微不至,试图让更多GMAT的备考者远离繁杂无章的各种学习资料,只用好一本书解决所有的GMAT问题。 “霞姐GMAT”也是一种方法,通往GMAT的成功道路有很多条,但我们希望这条我们倡导的“思维路径”是一条最快,最轻松的道路。 谁是霞姐?张海霞,江湖人称“霞姐”。 从北大学霸到新东方名师,从新东方名师到最美丽的创业者。自2010年起在新东方讲授GMAT语法等课程,强调通过系统的语法学习来全面提升英语的写作、阅读等综合能力。曾创造新东方史上前无古人后无来者的公开课78人全满分记录;三个月玩虐考研跨考,从北航考入北大,“看透”是快速“突破”的唯一出路。讲课气场强大、逻辑严谨,风趣幽默,自认为已摸透GMAC老头们的出题套路。曾有学员上完课后赞曰“你的课太强大了,我语法肯定可以全对”。